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UK - Scientists have found a new way of diagnosing foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) which is more cost effective and relies less on the use of small animals.There are seven types (serotypes) of FMD virus (FMDV) that have high mutation rates which constantly generate new FMDV variants. This makes rapid diagnosis essential for vaccinating against the correct type of FMDV and ensuring control policies are put in place quickly.Previously, diagnostic tests known as ELISA’s have required small animals such as rabbits and guinea pigs to produce proteins called antibodies. These antibodies bind to FMDV enabling the disease to be detected in samples. Each strain of FMDV requires highly specific antibodies which means new antibodies are regularly required to keep up with emerging new strains. 英国科学家们已经发现一种新的诊断口蹄疫(FMD)的方法，这种检测更加划算，而且减少了利用小动物试验的依赖。口蹄疫病毒有七种类型，突变率十分高，能够不断产生新的口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)变体。为了接种正确的口蹄疫病毒疫苗并确定防控策略，要求诊断必须迅速。从前众所周知的诊断性测试酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)要求小动物产生蛋白抗体，比如兔子、豚鼠。小动物产生的抗体与口蹄疫病毒结合，才能检测出样品的疾病。每一株口蹄疫病毒都要求高特异性抗体，意味着每出现一种新兴病毒株，就要对应一种新抗体。
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